Hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous extracts of lupinus albus, medicago sativa [seeds] and their mixture on diabetic rats

The number of people suffering diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. A huge number of populations in the world are entirely dependent on traditional medications. This practice may be due to their safety, effectiveness, and availability as well as their fewer side effects when compared to the synthetic hypoglycemic agents. The present study was carried out to investigate and compare the activity of Lupinus albus [seeds], Medicago sativa [seeds] and the mixture of both plants seeds on some biochemical, hematological and histological parameters in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Twenty-five male adult albino rats were divided into two groups: group 1: control group [five animals] and group 2: alloxan induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were further divided into four subgroups, five animals each. Subgroup1: diabetic untreated rats; subgroup 2: diabetic rates treated with aqueous extract of Lupinus albus seeds; subgroup 3: diabetic rats treated with aqueous extract of Medicago sativa seeds; and finally subgroup 4: diabetic rats treated with aqueous extract of the mixture of Lupinus albus and Medicago sativa seeds. After thirty days of treatment all rats were sacrificed, blood sample were collected to estimate some biochemical and hematological parameters. Liver samples were collected to determine their glycogen content and pancreatic samples were obtained and processed for microscopic and quantitative evaluation. In diabetic group, there was reduction in body weight's, hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, significant increase in some parameters of liver and kidney functions as well as significant changes in lipids profile and proteins level with significant decreased liver glycogen content. All treated groups restored most of the mentioned parameters to their normal values. Moreover, these treatments recorded partial improvement in the histopathological changes produced by alloxan. The aqueous extract of Lupinus albus or Medicago sativa [seeds] or by their mixture has hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects by increasing insulin level and decreasing insulin resistance. In addition, they ameliorate most complications of diabetes

Evaluación del efecto antiinflamatorio del extracto acuoso de las semillas de Lupinus mutabilis sweet (Tarwi, Chocho), en animales de experimentación / Evaluation of the antiinflammatory effect of the watery extract of the seeds of Lupinus mutabilis sweet (Tarwi, Chocho), in experimentation animals

En la investigación realizada en la semilla de Lupinus mutabilis Sweet se ha podido identificar mediante un Screening Fitoquímico los principios activos presentes en el extracto acuoso, determinándose los alcaloides totales. Se ha evaluado la toxicidad aguda (DL50) tanto del extracto acuoso como de los alcaloides totales obtenidos de la semilla. En el extracto acuoso de las semillas se ha evidenciado la actividad antiinflamatoria (aguda y sub-crónica) en modelos experimentales, administrándose el Lupinus por vía oral a una dosis de 200 mg/Kg de peso. La inflamación fue evaluada por diferentes técnicas utilizando la técnica de Granuloma de Pouche con trementina en ratas (Inflamación sub-crónica) y edema plantar con formol al 1 por ciento y ovoalbúmina al 50 por ciento en S.S.I. (Inflamación aguda) en ratones, siguiendo las técnicas estándar del CYTED, obteniéndose el efecto máximo de inhibición de la inflamación a los 80 minutos en comparación con los 60 minutos correspondientes al diclofenaco (30 mg/Kg) mostrando un porcentaje de inhibición de 66 por ciento frente al 100 por ciento del fármaco estándar. La DL50 del extracto acuoso por vía oral fue de 3500 mg/Kg de peso y de los alcaloides totales administrados por vía oral fue de 600 mg/Kg. Los alcaloides han sido identificados por TLC (Cromatografía en capa fina) y HPLC comparándolo con estándar de esparteína.

In the investigation carried out in the seed of Lupinus mutabilis Sweet it has been possible to identify by means of a Screening Phitochemistry the present biologically active principIes in the watery extract in boiled, being determined the total alkaloids. The acute toxicity has been evaluated (LD50) so much of the watery extract as of the obtained total alkaloids of the seed. In the watery extract of the seeds the activity antiinflammatory has been evidenced (acute and subchronicle) in experimental models, being Administered the Lupinus for oral route to a dose of 2000 mg/Kg of weight. The inflammation was evaluated by different techniques using the technique of Granuloma of Pouche with trementin in rats (Inflammation sub-chronicle) and inflammatory to plant with formol to 1 % and ovoalbúmina to 50% in S.S.I. in mice, following the standard techniques of the CYTED, being obtained the maximum effect of inhibition from the inflammation to the 80 minutes in comparation with the 60 minutes corresponding to the dic10fenac (30 mg/Kg) showing a percentage of inhibition of 66% in front of 100% of the standard drug. The LD50 of the watery extract in boiled for oral route it was of 3500 mg/Kg of weight and of the complete alkaloids administered for oral route it was of 600 mg/Kg. The alkaloids have been identified by TLC (Thin layer chromatography) and HPLC comparing it with standard of Spartein.